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Neurodermitis

Die Neurodermitis, auch atopische Dermatitis genannt, ist eine der häufigsten chronisch-entzündlichen, nicht ansteckenden Hauterkrankungen. In unserem Magazin geben wir Dir wertvolles Hintergrundwissen an die Hand und klären über typische Symptome, Hautstellen und die Diagnose auf. Zusätzlich findest du weitere Informationen zu Fakten, Ursachen und Triggerfaktoren sowie zur Behandlung, Therapie und der richtigen Basispflege bei Neurodermitis.

⇢ Fakten I Ursachen I Triggerfaktoren ⇢ Symptome I Typische Stellen I Diagnose ⇢ Behandung I therapie I hautpflege

Typische Symptome

Severity levels

The severity of atopic dermatitis is determined based on the intensity of the symptoms, the skin changes and the impact on quality of life. The disease can range from mild forms with few symptoms to severe cases that require extensive drug treatment.

Course of neurodermatitis

The good news: around 60% of affected children are symptom-free as young adults. Chronic courses are more common when several family members suffer from neurodermatitis, hay fever or asthma, when the person also suffers from these diseases or when the course was already severe in childhood.

Neurodermitis

Juck-Kratz-Kreislauf

Neurodermatitis flare-up

Neurodermatitis usually occurs in phases. There are acute phases in which itchy, inflamed areas dominate your skin, and chronic phases in which you have few or no symptoms.

Relapse-free phase / chronic neurodermatitis

In a flare-up-free phase, you live largely symptom-free. However, even in these phases, the chronic disease has not completely disappeared. The skin does not have any acute, externally visible inflammation, but is still dry, irritated and possibly slightly flaky.

Acute phase / neurodermatitis flare-up

During an acute attack of neurodermatitis, the skin is very red, inflamed and plagued by intense itching, often accompanied by weeping patches of skin and open wounds. This triggers a vicious circle: scratching provides short-term relief, but further damages the skin barrier, which in turn triggers a new inflammatory reaction.

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Neurodermatitis

Typical positions

The symptoms of neurodermatitis can appear on different areas of the skin over the course of the disease and depending on age

Infants & Babies

In infants and babies, one often finds flat, firmly adhering, yellowish scales or reddish, sometimes weeping patches of skin on the face, on the scalp (then known as cradle cap) and on the extensor sides of the arms and legs.

Toddlers & Children

In older children, the dry, scaly eczema appears mainly on the extremities, the bends of the joints and the neck; in severe cases, the skin thickens with coarser skin patches (so-called lichenification).

Teenagers & Adults

In adolescents and adults, neurodermatitis often occurs on the crooks of the arms, backs of the knees, wrists, neck, face and décolleté.

Neurodermitis am Kopf

Neurodermitis am Kopf äußert sich häufig durch starken Juckreiz und schuppige Haut, vor allem im Bereich der Kopfhaut und des Nackens. Wenn an den betroffenen Stellen stark gekratzt werden, kann es zu Haarausfall kommen.

Weitere Infos
Neurodermitis an den Händen

An den Händen zeigt sich Neurodermitis oft durch rissige, trockene und juckende Haut. Da die Hände häufig mit äußeren Reizstoffen in Kontakt kommen, verschlimmern sich die Symptome oft durch wiederholte mechanische Belastung oder Kontaktallergien.

Weitere Infos
Neurodermitis im Gesicht

Im Gesicht tritt Neurodermitis häufig in Form von Rötungen, Trockenheit und entzündeten Hautstellen auf, vor allem um die Augen und den Mund. Die empfindliche Gesichtshaut kann durch äußere Einflüsse wie Wetter oder Kosmetika leicht gereizt werden und die Symptome verstärken.

Weitere Infos

Neurodermatitis

diagnosis

There are many typical symptoms that indicate atopic dermatitis. However, other skin diseases can also have similar symptoms. A diagnosis should therefore always be made by a doctor or dermatologist based on various clinical examinations and diagnostic tests.

Clinical examination

Initial consultation : During the first consultation, the doctor conducts a detailed conversation to record the patient's medical history (anamnesis). Typical questions relate to the onset and progression of symptoms, family history and possible triggers such as allergies or stress.

Visible signs and their interpretation : The doctor examines the skin for typical signs of neurodermatitis, such as redness, dryness and flaking. The skin areas are assessed for their distribution and severity, which contributes to the diagnosis and helps to assess the severity of the disease.

Differential diagnosis : In order to differentiate neurodermatitis from other skin diseases such as psoriasis or contact dermatitis, differential diagnoses are made. The doctor compares the symptoms and skin changes with those of other diseases to ensure an accurate diagnosis.

Diagnostic tests

Blood tests : Blood tests can measure IgE levels, which are often elevated in allergic reactions. Other relevant parameters may include inflammatory markers or specific antibodies that help with diagnosis and treatment planning.

Biopsy : In some cases, a skin biopsy may be required to take tissue samples and examine them under a microscope. This examination helps to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other skin diseases by analyzing the cell structure and possible inflammatory processes.

Further procedures

Prick test : The prick test is used to test for allergic reactions to certain substances. It involves introducing allergens into the skin and observing the immediate reaction. The results help to identify allergens that may be contributing to the worsening of atopic dermatitis.

Patch testing : Patch testing is used to diagnose contact allergies. It involves applying various allergens to the skin and observing the reaction over a period of 48 to 72 hours to detect allergic reactions.

Imaging techniques : Dermatoscopy is an imaging technique that allows the skin surface to be examined in detail. This method can help to precisely assess and document skin changes.

Good to know

Person cremt sich Arm mit med Basiscreme von das boep zur Basispflege von Neurodermitis ein

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